Химиотерапия: открытый доступ
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Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Multidisciplinary Treatment of Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Gallbladder： Report of Three Cases with an Update

Panpan Zhang, Jie Li, Xu Zhu, Jiangyuan Yu, Zhongwu Li, Yongheng Li, Yong Cui, Lin Shen, Wei Deng and Ming Lu

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of gallbladder (GB-NEC) is extremely rare and the clinical presentations of most patients are nonspecific. Pathological examination and immunohistochemical staining are required for the diagnosis of GB-NEC. It has a poor prognosis and often escapes detection until advanced stage. Because of rarity of GB-NEC, there is limited evidence about its clinic pathologic characteristics, treatment and prognosis. Here we reported three cases of incidental metastatic GB-NEC. Multidisciplinary treatments were adopted and they present good response and had long survival. We aimed to provide a comprehensive literature review on GB-NEC and compare it with carcinoma of gallbladder and neuroendocrine neoplasms of other origins.