Достижения в области автомобилестроения
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Y Zidoun1 и Нидаль Альнидами

An exhaust pipe is designed to carry toxic and/or noxious gases away from the users of the vehicle. These pipes for cars are generally located at the bottom rare portion of the car and are more vulnerable to be overlooked with the lurking dangers that are possible as mentioned below: At times, thugs or criminals might try to block the outlet of exhaust tail pipe using external or foreign objects, which causes backpressure in the exhaust system and gradually reducing the engine efficiency & performance until engine stall. Foreign objects may also cause corrosion to the pipes increasing maintenance cost. Gases could also get inside the cabin causing harm to passengers. This causes the passenger to come out of the vehicle and thugs can rob the passengers. Another scenario is when an object stuck in the exhaust is forced out suddenly and causing harm to pedestrians nearby. Extraneous Object Shield for Exhaust Tail Pipe overcomes this hitch and can be used as a safety feature.A normal turning task produces parts which have basic highlights requiring a predetermined roughness. Applications incorporate bearing surfaces on axles, ultra-clean surfaces in contaminant-delicate segments and sealing surfaces on bores and cylinders. With this much dependence set on turning tasks, operators of lathe machine in industries are relied upon to utilize their own understanding just as published machining rules to accomplish indicated Ra values, with few or no rejects, in an opportune way to stay aware of the production plan. Significant parameters influencing the Ra value, for example, depth of cut, feed rate and cutting speed were examined and the optimum conditions were achieved. The Turning is a significant machining process in which a solitary point cutting tool expels material from the outside of a pivoting tube shaped work piece. The cutting tool is provided feed straight toward a path parallel to the pivot of turn. Turning is performed on a lathe machine that gives the ability to turn the work piece at a given rotational speed to sustain the cutting tool at a predetermined rate and depth of cut. So, three cutting parameters, for example depth of cut, feed rate and cutting speed are significant. Since turning operations are completed utilizing a cutting tool, the larger forces and temperature during machining make an extremely brutal condition of the cutting tool. Accordingly, Ra value is significant record to assess cutting execution. Fundamentally, Ra value associated emphatically with cutting parameters example cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate. Appropriate
determination of the cutting parameters can verify the least value of Ra. Henceforth, the cutting parameters optimization is done to enhance the surface finish or reduce Ra value in a turning operation. Turning is utilized to deliver rotational, normally pivot symmetric, parts that have numerous highlights
such as gaps, tapers, threads, grooves, varying diameter steps and even molded surfaces. Parts that are manufactured totally through turning frequently include segments that are utilized in constrained amounts, maybe for models, for example, hand designed shafts and fasteners. Turning is likewise generally utilized as an auxiliary process to include or refine highlights parts that were made utilizing an alternate process. Because of the high tolerances and surface finishes that turning can offer, it is perfect for adding accuracy rotational features to a section whose essential shape has just been formed