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Compartmental Intra-Abdominal Pressure Risk in Severe Acute Pancreatitis is Prospectively Assessed

Hassan A. Saad, Mohamed E. Eraky, Ahmed K El-Tahe, Mohamed Riad, Mohamed I. Farid, Khaled Sharaf

Background: Hospital death is significant in patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis (SAP). These patients have elevated Intra-Abdominal Pressure (IAP), which may result in organ dysfunction. The goals of this study were to examine the overall incidence of rising IAP in patients with SAP, as well as the progression of organ dysfunction and risk of mortality factors for higher IAP.

Materials and methods: Between 2020 and 2023, 118 cases of acute pancreatitis were managed in the intensive care unit of (University). Patients were categorized into quartiles 1-4. The intra-vesical technique was used to assess elevated IAP levels.

Results: Peak IAP, max Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, max Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, top creatinine level and age, with lactate peak level, were substantially related to IAP and were higher in non-survivors. The maximal IAP in retrospective groups 1-4 was 7-14 mmHg, 15-18 mmHg, 19-24 mmHg and 25-33 mmHg, respectively, with hospital mortality rates of 10%, 12.5%, 22.2% and 50%, respectively. Respectively, the difference was statistically significant. The highest quality Intensive Care Unit (ICU) free days were 45.7, 38.8, 32.0 and 27.5 days, respectively. Categories one-four had significant statistical significance.

Conclusion: A greater IAP in SAP cases presented with early organ damage and fewer ICU-free days. IAP was assessed throughout ICU inpatient care to determine the cure rate after decompression.