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Myeloid Sarcoma Presented as a Relapse in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Case Reports and Review of the Literature

Mardiah Suci Hardianti, Rosalia Yovita Lasut

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare form of extramedullary myeloblasts infiltration which can affect various organs resulting in multiple complications with high mortality. We reported two cases of MS as extramedullary relapse in patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). The first case was 45-years old female with AML M2 who developed symptoms of central nervous system, hepatobiliary, and vision impairment after three months of CR. Imaging studies revealed leptomeningeal, optic nerve, hepatobiliary, lymph nodes, and bone infiltration suggestive for MS. The second case was 52 years old female with AML M3 presented lower abdominal bulge and vaginal bleeding resulting from uterine cervical MS one year after CR. Awareness of MS as extramedullary AML relapse is very crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment despite its very poor prognosis.