Педиатрия и терапия
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Recommendations for the Management of Bladder Bowel Dysfunction in Children

Joana dos Santos, Abby Varghese, Katharine Williams and Martin A Koyle

Bladder Bowel dysfunction (BBD) represents a broad term used to describe a multitude of conditions associated with incontinence or Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) that commonly is seen in primary Family and/or Pediatrics care. The BBD spectrum includes lower urinary tract conditions such as overactive bladder and urge incontinence, voiding postponement, underactive bladder, and voiding dysfunction, and, importantly, also includes bowel issues, as constipation and encopresis. BBD is often not recognised by family or child or even the referring professional, but it is the secondary symptoms of wetting or UTI, that prompts the child to be evaluated by a consultant. The goal of this review is to provide a practical guideline for diagnosis and management of BBD in children, common problem in daily pediatric practice. Most importantly, considering that most of these issues are functional, is that the majority of these children are best evaluated and treatment instituted by the primary provider, with referral to a specialist, only in exceptional cases.