Международный журнал физической медицины и реабилитации
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Evaluation of Mutagenic Effects of Chronic Renal Disease and Hemodialysis

Evânio Márcio Romanzini, Caroline Dani, Jussiene Magnus Justos, Kimberly Rosa Martins, Marcello Ávilla Mascarenhas and Valesca Veiga Cardoso

The present study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic effects of chronic renal disease (CRD) and haemodialysis (HD) using the mutagenic test known as the micronucleus assay The study involved 97 individuals, including 32 CRD patients on HD, 34 CRD patients not on HD and 31 controls. Buccal smears were examined with a light microscope at 400, and cells showing micronuclei, binucleated nuclei, “broken egg” nuclei, pyknosis, karyorrhexis and karyolysis were counted in 2000 cells for each participant. Our main results demonstrate that the clastogenicity indicators micronuclei, binucleated cells, broken egg cells, sum of binucleated plus broken egg cells and sum of pyknosis plus karyorrhexis were statistically significant higher in the CRD and HD group compared to the CRD and non-HD groups and the control group (p=0.0001). Males had more binucleated cells (p=0.002) and sum of binucleated plus broken egg cells (p=0.0001). Those with a family history of genetic disease had more binucleated cells (p=0.002). Those on HD who did not consume wine showed more micronuclei (p=0.042). Consumers of distilled alcoholic beverages had more karyolysis (p=0.038).Those not on HD but exposed to chemical agents had more karyolysis (p=0.041). Controls who drank wine had a lower sum of binucleated plus broken egg ells (p=0.050). Ex-smokers had more broken egg cells (p=0.006). We conclude that the CRD and HD combined with occupational and genetic factors and certain lifestyle habits promote the occurrence and increase of micronuclei and other nuclear changes, possibly able to contribute to the emergence of renal cancer.