Энтомология, орнитология и герпетология: текущие исследования
Открытый доступ
ISSN: 2161-0983
ISSN: 2161-0983
Rakesh Kumar Mohalik, Aurobindo Samal*, Biseswar Sahu, Shreya Pandey
In reptiles, seven different basic types of color aberrations were described: Albinism, axanthism, erythrism, hypo melanism, leucism, melanism and piebaldism. Albinism is a congenital depigmentation syndrome characterized by the absence of melanin. It is caused due to genetic inheritance. Melanin production in the skin can be blocked by errors at any of several steps in the pathway of melano synthesis, mostly (but not entirely) as a result of autosomal recessive mutations.
The absence of pigments, makes the individuals distinguishable from others. Albinos often are stillborn or malformed and have low survival rates, easily eliminating them from populations. Almost all vertebrate species on earth exhibit albinism, yet despite this ominous condition, wild animals continue to exist in the wild. Since carolus linnaeus in the mid-1700’ s, albinistic animals have been documented and researched. Estimates of the ratio of albinism in wild vertebrates vary from 1:10,000 to 1:30,000.