Эндокринология и метаболический синдром
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PPAR Gamma at the Crossroads of Health and Disease: A Masterchef in Metabolic Homeostasis

Souhad El Akoum

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved conferring the role of an active gland to the adipose tissue. This nuclear receptor is actively involved, mainly through its regulation to the physiology and the endocrine activity of the adipose tissue, in the regulation of a variety of processes governing the metabolic homeostasis. PPARγ, activated by a wide variety of fatty acids molecule or their metabolite, governs metabolic processes implicated in glucose and lipid metabolism and adipose mass control by modulating the expression of a large number of target genes. Furthermore, PPARγ is a molecular target for antidiabetic thiazolidinedione molecules that selectively bind this nuclear receptor to improve systemic insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Accordingly, the specific position of PPARγ in systemic metabolic control is resumed in its pivotal role in the regulation of glucose and lipid homeostasis, lipid storage and adipogenesis. Here, we present an overview of the involvement of PPARγ in metabolic control leading to health improvement. The emphasis is on adipose tissue mass regulation by PPARγ and its implication in glucose homeostasis and cardiovascular modulation.